OCAMPOA A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845

See Cranichis

OCTANDRORCHIS Brieger 1977

invalid name See Octomeria

OCTOMERIA R.Br. 1813 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Epidendreae Subtribe: Pleurothallidinae SYNONYMS Aspegrenia Enothrea Gigliolia Octandrorchis

(None) Gr. octo,eight; meros,parts; alluding to the number of pollinia. There are about 150 miniature epiphytic species in this genus distributed from Central to South America with the greatest number of species found in southern Brazil. A few species are also found in the West Indies. There is a wide variation in species size. Despite the large number of species, only a few are found in cultivation. Photo courtesy of Hideto Yamasaki at Brazilan Orchids

SPECIES albiflora alexandri boliviensis buchtienii caldensis colombiana crassifolia decumbens dentifera elobata ffrenchiana fibrifera gracilis graminifolia grandiflora hatschbachii integrilabia juncifolia lancipetala mocoana prostrata recchiana sarthouae taracuana teretifolia umbonulata ventii xanthina

ODONECTIS Raf. 1808

See Isotria or Pogonia

ODONTOCHILUS Blume 1858

See Anoectochilus

ODONTOGLOSSUM Kunth 1815 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Cymbidieae Subtribe: Oncidiinae Alliance: Oncidium SYNONYMS Some authors consider the following to be synonyms and other authors consider them to be unique genera Cuitlauzina Otoglossum Ticoglossum Osmoglossum Lemboglossum Rossioglossum Mesoglossum

(Odm.) Gr. odonto,tooth; glossa,tongue; alluding to the tooth-like callus on a tongue-like lip. There were initially over 300 terrestrial or epiphytic species in this very popular genus basically grouped by their distribution; one group distributed in the Andes and Colombia and the other group from Mexico and Central America. Some authors have reclassified about 175 species from the second group to other genera; Cuitlauzina, Lemboglossum, Mesoglossum, Osmoglossum, Otoglossum, Rossioglossum, and Ticoglossum. You may still see many of the species in these genera listed as genus Odontoglossum in some publications, and, many species are still designated as Odontoglossum for hybridizing identification purposes. Many species are some of the most popular orchids because of their flamboyant blossoms, some of which are arguably the most beautiful of the orchids.

SPECIES cariniferum cirrhosum crinitum crispum cristatum gloriosum harryanum laeve lebmannii lindenii lindleyanum luteo-purpureum naevium nebulosum odoratum pardinum pescatorei praestans pulchellum purum sanderianum triumphans

ODONTOSTYLES Breda 1827

See Bulbophyllum

OECEOCLADES Lindl. 1833 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Cymbidieae Subtribe: Cyrtopodiinae Alliance: Eulophia SYNONYMS Eulophidium

(None) Gr. oikeios,private; klados,branch; alluding to the separation of some species from genus Angraecum by John Lindley to form a distinct tribe. There are about thirty terrestrial and sometimes epiphytic species in this genus distributed as forest species in tropical Africa, and South America and a hardier, more sun tolerant group from Madagascar, West Indies, Florida, Mascarene and Seychelles islands. One species is also found in Australia. Some species are deciduous. Species produce a lateral inflorescence bearing many green to brown flowers. Photo courtesy of Hideto Yamasaki at Brazilan Orchids

SPECIES ambrensis boinensis calcarata decaryana falcata flexuosa funalis gracilis humbertii javanica lanceata lindleyi mackenii maculata pandurata pulchra quadriloba rauhii retzii sclerophylla seychellarum spathulifera tenera ugandae

OEONIELLA Schltr. 1915 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Vandeae Subtribe: Aerangidinae	(Oenla.) Gr. iella,similar to, referring to genus Oeonia There are only three monopodial  epiphytic species in this genus distributed in Madagascar, Mascarenes, and Seychelles Islands. Species produce a long arching raceme bearing several fragrant flowers arranged in 2 rows.
	SPECIES aphrodite polystachys sarcanthoides

OERSTEDELLA Rchb.f. 1852 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Epidendreae Subtribe: Laeliinae

(Orstdl.) Named in honor of Danish collector Herr Anders Sandoe Orsted. There are about thirty epiphytic species in this genus distributed from Mexico to Bolivia with most found in Costa Rica and western Panama. Oerstedella has long been mistakenly considered a synonym of genus Epidendrum even though the purple-warted stems make species readily identifiable and unique. Although species produce very showy flowers and are highly desirable among collectors, most species do not do well in cultivation.

SPECIES acrochordonia caligaria cancanae endresii exasperata hansenii lactea medinae myriantha pansamalae pinnifera pseudowallisii pumila schumanniana tenuiflora tetraceros thurstonorum verrucosa viridiflora wallisii

OLGASIS Raf. 1836

See Oncidium

OLIVERIANA Rchb.f. 1877

See Trichopilia

OMMATODIUM Lindl. 1838

See Pterygodium

ONCIDIUM Sw. 1800 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Cymbidieae Subtribe: Oncidiinae Alliance: Oncidium (most) Alliance: Comparettia (equitants) SYNONYMS Braasiella Cuitlanzina Cyrtochilum Gynizodon Jamaiciella Lophiaris Olgasis Papiliopsis Psychopsis Tolumnia Xaritonia Xeilyathum

(Onc.) Gr. onkos,tumor, swelling; alluding the warty callus on the lip of all Oncidium species. Common name: "Dancing Dolls" and "Dancing Ladies" because the blooms are strung out like a chorus line. There are well over 750 mostly epiphytic and a few terrestrial species in this HUGE and very popular genus distributed in South, Central, and parts of North America occupying a very wide range of habitat. Species are highly desired for their showy sprays of colorful flowers. Due to the broad natural range, species have highly variable cultural requirements. Genus is related to Odontoglossum.

SPECIES ampliatum bahamepse barbatum baueri bicallosum bicolor bifolium bracteatum cebolleta cimiciferum comcolor crispum cucullatum divaricatum ensatum fimbriatum flexuosum forbesii fuscatum gardneri globuliferum hastatum incurvum jonesianum longipes luridum macranthum maculatum nubigenum obryzatum onustum papilio pulchellum pulvinatum pusillum sarcodes sphacelatum splendidum stacyi stenotis superbiens teres tigrinum triquetrum urophyllum varicosum variegatum vernixium

ONKERIPUS Raf. 1838

See Xylobium

ONYCHIUM Blume 1825

illegitimate later homonym See Dendrobium

OPHRYS L. 1737 Subfamily: Orchidoideae Tribe: Orchideae Subtribe: Orchidinae Alliance: Orchis SYNONYMS Arachnites Myodium

(None) Gr. ophrys,eyebrow; alluding to the harry lip of many species. There are currently over sixty species listed in this genus with more species added yearly due to specification by small habitat regions surrounding the Mediterranean. Species are distributed North to Britain and Scandinavia, East to Iran and Afghanistan, and South to North Africa. Flowers are few and small, but readily identifiable by their uniquely marked lip and overall insect-like appearance.

SPECIES aegaea aesculapii apifera apulica argentaria bertoloniiformis bertolonii bombyliflora crabronifera discors exaltata fusca galilaea garganica holoserica incubacea insectifera lunulata lutea mammosa melitensis oestrifera oxyrrhynchos pallida promontorii scolopax sphegodes tarentina tenthredinifera tetraloniae tyrrhena vernixia

ORCHIASTRUM Seg. 1754

See Spiranthes

ORCHIDIUM Sw. 1814

See Calypso

ORCHIDOFUNCKIA A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845

See Cryptarrhena

ORCHIDOTYPUS Kraenzl. 1906

See Pachyphyllum

ORCHIODES Kuntze 1891

See Goodyera

ORCHIS L. 1735 Subfamily: Orchidoideae Tribe: Orchideae Subtribe: Orchidinae Alliance: Orchis SYNONYMS Abrochis Anteriorchis Chondradenia Galeorchis Mesicera Orchites Strateuma Zoophora

(Orchis.) Gr. orchis,testicle; in reference to the twin ovoid tubers of the plant that supposedly resemble testicles. There are about 70 terrestrial species in this genus distributed in Europe, the Middle East, north Africa, and temperate regions of Asia from the Himalayas to Japan. Species is extremely diverse in appearance due to wide and varying habitat. Additionally, the floral structure often varies markedly within a given species. Ancient herbology attributed medicinal powers to plants which even generally resembled the part of the body it could be used to treat. Under this theory, Orchis tubers were considered to be a medicinal cure or aid to fertility.

SPECIES aristata brancifortii colemanii collina commutata conica coriophora ichneumonea incarnata italica lactea latifolia laxiflora ligustica longicornis longicornu mascula militaris morio olbiensis pallens palustris papilionacea patens pauciflora provincialis purpurea punctulata quadripunctata resupinata rotundifolia sancta simia spectabilis spitzelii tridentata triphylla ustulata virescens zahlensis

ORCHITES Schur 1866

See Orchis

ORMOSTEMA Raf. 1836

See Dendrobium

ORNITHARIUM Lindl. & Paxton 1850-51

See Pteroceras

ORNITHOCEPHALUS Hook. 1825 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Maxillarieae Subtribe: Orinthocephalinae	(None) There are about fifty terrestrial species in this genus distributed throughout tropical America.
	SPECIES apiculatus bicornis brachyceras cryptanthus diceras dressleri escobarianus garayi grandiflorus iridifolius lankesteri manabina myrtocola obliquus obergiae planifolius pottsiae powellii pustulatus reitzii suarezii torresii urceilabris vosburghii

ORNITHOCHILUS Wall. ex Lindl. 1833 (Lindl.) Benth. 1883 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Vandeae Subtribe: Sarcanthinae	(None) Only about nine rare monopodial  epiphytic species in this genus distributed in the Himalayas, China, and Southeast Asia. Species have small blooms and are allied to genus Phalaenopsis. Species of this genus are very seldom seen in any collections.
	SPECIES delavayi difformis eublepharon fuscus hillii moretoni simondianus striatulus yingjiangensis

ORNITHOPHORA Barb.Rodr. 1882 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Maxillareae Subtribe: Oncidiinae

(Orpha.) Gr. ornis,bird; phoros,bearing; alluding to the curious shape of the column which resembles a bird's head. There is only one epiphytic species , O. radicans, in this genus distributed in the moist forests of Brazil. O. radicans produces a single unbranched inflorescence of eight to eleven small (1cm) white flowers with a yellowish quadrangular lip. This genus was considered a synonym of the closely allied genus Sigmatostalix until 1951 when it was given separate genus status.

SPECIES radicans

ORSIDICE Rchb.f. 1854

Synonym of Sarcochilus, See Thrixspermum

ORTHOCHILUS Hochst. ex A.Rich. 1851

See Eulophia

OSMOGLOSSUM Schltr. 1916 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Cymbidieae Subtribe: Oncidiinae

(Osmgls.) Gr. osme,odor glossa,tongue; in reference to the fragrant lip. There are eight epiphytic species in this genus distributed in the seasonally dry pine and oak forests from Mexico to Panama. Species produce an inflorescence of fragrant white flowers. The two lateral sepals are joined and concave at the base giving the flowers a unique appearance. In 1916 Schlechter moved seven species from genus Odontoglossum to establish this genus which was more or less recognized as a genus in 1922. Many authors, however, continue to treat these species as members of Odontoglossum including Dressler.

SPECIES acuminatum anceps candidum convallarioides dubium egertonii panduratum pulchellum

OSYRICERA Blume 1825

See Bulbophyllum

ORTHOPENTHEA Rolfe 1912

See Disa

OTOCHILUS Lindl. 1830 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Coelogtneae Subtribe: Coelogyninae SYNONYMS Tetrapeltis	(None) Gr. otus,resemblance; cheilos,lip; alluding to the resemblance of the lip to the sepals and petals. There are about eight species in this genus distributed in the Himalayas through Berma, Thailand, and Vietnam. Species produce chains of white or brownish white flowers. Species are typically hardy and easy to cultivate.
	SPECIES alba forrestii fragrans fusca lancifolia lancilabius latifolia porrecta

OTOGLOSSUM (Schltr.) Garay & Dunst. 1976 Subfamily: Epidendrorieae Tribe: Cymbidieae Subtribe: Oncidiinae

(Otglss.) Gr. otos,ear; glossa,tongue,lip; alluding to the earlike lip There are about About a dozen epiphytic or terrestrial species in this genus distributed in the very moist mountain forests from Costa Rica to Peru. Species produce spectacular glossy or waxy looking flowers. Unfortunately, species are difficult to cultivate because of their climbing habit. Prior to 1976, species in this genus were formally grouped with genus Odontoglossum. Some references may not be updated reflecting this change.

SPECIES axinopterum arminii brevifolium chiriquense coronarium globuliferum harlingii hoppii luerorum palaciosii sanctipauli serpens

OTOPETALUM Lehm. & Kraenzl. 1899

See Pleurothallis

OTOSTYLIS Schltr. 1918 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Maxillarieae Subtribe: Zygopetilinae Alliance: Warrea	(Otst.) There are about six species in this genus distributed mostly in the mountainous areas from the Himalayas to Thailand and Vietnam. They are rather peculiar looking plants with small white or brownish flowers.
	SPECIES alba brachystalix hirtzii lepida paludosa venusta

ORXERA Raf. 1836

See Aerides

OXYSEPALUM (Oxysepala) Wight 1852

See Bulbophyllum

OXYSTOPHYLLUM Blume 1825

See Dendrobium

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