TAINIA Blume 1825 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Arethuseae Subtribe: Bletiinae Alliance: Tainia SYNONYMS Ascotainia Mitopetalum

(None) Gr. tainia,fillet; alluding to the long narrow leaf with its long petiole. There are about 25 terrestrial species in this genus distributed in shady tropical lowland forests of India, China, southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Solomon Islands, and Australia. Species produce an inflorescence bearing several relatively large and long-lasting green to yellow flowers with purple markings and stripes.

SPECIES angulata borneensis cordifolia delavayi gracilis hookeruiana latifolia latilingua maculata papuana parviflora ruybarrettoi shimadai (Azalea orchid) speciosa trinervis wrayana

TALPINARIA H.Karst. 1858-61

See Pleurothallis

TANGTSINIA S.C.Chen 1965

See Cephalanthera

TANKERVILLIA Link 1829

See Phaius

TAPEINOGLOSSUM Schltr. 1913 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Epidendreae Subtribe: Bulbophyllinae	(None) Gr. tapeinos,humble, modest; glossa,tongue; alluding to a small lip. There are only two recognized epiphytic species in this genus distributed in the tropical rain forests of New Guinea often found growing on Leucaena trees. Species produce an inflorescence bearing medium-size whitish flowers with red veining or markings. Species are related to genus Bulbophyllum.
	SPECIES centrosemiflorum nannodes

TAUROSTALIX Rchb.f. 1852

See Bulbophyllum

TELIPOGON Benth.  Hook. & Kunth 1815 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Maxillarieae Subtribe: Telipogoninae SYNONYMS Telopogon Thelypogon

(None) Gr. telos,end; pogon,beard; alluding to the spiny end of the column. There are about 100 dwarf epiphytic or terrestrial species in this genus distributed in cold wet regions from Costa Rica to Bolivia with most species found in Columbia. Species are considered to be among the more spectacular and interesting orchids bearing highly colored triangular flowers that are typically larger than the entire plant. The flower column and lip often imitate the structure of spiny flies to attract pollinators. Cultivation of these species is very difficult if not impossible due to the unusual extremely strict habitat conditions required.

SPECIES ampliflorus astroglossus ballesteroi biolleyi butcheri chrysocrates caroliae caucanus croesus cuyujensis dalstromii ecuadorensis elcimeyae frymirei genegeorgei gracilis hercules jimburensis klotzscheanus latifolius ortizii nevosus pulcher roseus storkii urceolatus vampyrus wallisii

TELOPOGON Spreng 1817

See Telipogon

TETRAMICRA Lindl. 1831 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Epidendreae Subtribe: Laeliinae

(Ttma.) Gr. tetra,fourfold; micros,small; alluding to the four small compartments in the anther cap. There are about twelve terrestrial or lithophytic species in this genus distributed in sandy and rocky areas of the West Indies. One species has also been reportedly discovered in Florida. Species produce an erect inflorescence bearing relatively large flowers that are well spaced and open successively over a very long duration. Genus Leptotes is considered to be a synonym of Tetramicra by some authors.

SPECIES bulbosa canaliculata ekmanii elegans eulophiae malpighiarum parviflora sarcophylla tenera urbaniana zanonii

TETRAPELTIS Lindl. 1832

See Otochilus

THECOSTELE Rchb.f. 1857 Subfamily: __ Tribe: __ Subtribe: __	(None) There are about eight rarely seen epiphytic species in this genus distributed in the Himalayan, Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, and the Philippines. Species have very small flowers with a very complex structure.
	SPECIES alta maculosa maingayi poilanei secunda secunda wrayi zollingeri

THELYCHITON Endl. 1833

See Dendrobium

THELYMITRA J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. 1775 Subfamily: Orchidoideae Tribe: Diurideae Subtribe: Diuridinae SYNONYMS Macdonaldia

(Thel.) Gr. thelys,female; mitra,cap or hat Common name: "Sun Orchid" because the flowers only open on sunny days There are about 45 deciduous  terrestrial species in this genus distributed mainly in Australia with a few species also found in New Zealand, New Guinea, New Caledonia, and the Philippines. Species produce colorful racemes of mainly blue, but also yellow, pink, brown and striking mixed colored flowers.

SPECIES angustifolia antennifera arenaria arostata azure carnea crinita dedmanae elizabethae epipactoides flexusoa fuscolutea grandis grandiflora ixioides longifolia luteocilium macmillanii media nuda pauciflora ruba variegata venosa

THELYPOGON Mutis ex Spreng 1826

See Telipogon

THEODOREA Barb.Rodr. 1877

See Rodrigueziella or Rodriguezia

THICUANIA Raf. 1836

See Dendrobium

THIEBAUTIA Colla 1825

See Bletia

THORVALDSENIA Liebm. 1844

See Chysis

THORWALDSENIA Leibm. ex Hartm. 1844

Synonym of Thorvaldsenia, see Chysis

THRIXSPERMUM Lour. 1790 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Vandeae Subtribe: Sarcanthinae SYNONYMS Dendrocolla Orsidice Ridleya Saccochilus Thylacis

(None) Gr. thrix,thread; sperma,seed; alluding to the hair-like seeds. There are over 100 monopodial  epiphytic species in this genus distributed in the tropical lowland forests from India, southeast Asia, Malaysia, the Philippines to New Guinea, some Pacific Islands and two species in Australia. Species produce a distinctive flattened raceme bearing the flowers in either two distinct ranks (the Orsidice group), or any direction (the Dendrocolla group). Although the orchids keep flowering from the same raceme over a long period of time, the individual flowers only last a couple of days. Photo courtesy of Barry Larkin (c)

SPECIES acuminatissimum amplexicaule arachnites carinatfolium centipeda dilatatum divitiflorum falcatum graeffei hainanense hillii hystrix lombokense maculatum olivaceum pardale platystachys recurvum scopa subteres trichglottis tridentatum wenzelii xanthanthum

THUNIA Rchb.f. 1852 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Arethuseae Subtribe: Thuniinae	(Thu.) There is only about eight terrestrial rare species in this genus distributed in India, China, and southeast Asia, and Malaysia. Species are tall leafy plants which making them attractive even when not in bloom. The blooms are borne in drooping, large-bracted racemes. Thunia species were once included in genus Phaius. Some authors consider Thunia to be only a synonym.
	SPECIES alba bensoniae bracteata marshalliana nivalis pulchra venosa winniana

THYLACIS Gagnep. 1932

Synonym of Sarcochilus, See Thrixspermum

THYSANOCHILUS Falc. 1839

See Eulophia

TICOGLOSSUM Lucas ex Halb. 1983 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Cymbidieae Subtribe: Oncidiinae	(None) Tico, the common Latin American name for Costa Ricans, and Gr. glossa,tongue; alluding to genus Odontoglossum from where these species were originally placed There are only two epiphytic species in this genus distributed only in Costa Rica and western Panama. Species were once placed in genus Odontoglossum.
	SPECIES krameri oerstedii

TINEA Biv. 1833

See Neotinea

TIPULARIA Nutt. 1818 Subfamily: __ Tribe: __ Subtribe: __ SYNONYMS Anthericlis Plecturus	(None) Common name: "Crane Fly Orchid" (United States) There are only three terrestrial species in this genus. Species T. discolor is found in the United States. Species T. josephi is found in the Himalayan and T. japonica in Japan. These are odd inconspicuous orchids even though they produce quite colorful leaves.Species produce small flowers with a long slender spur.
	SPECIES discolor josephi japonica

TODAROA A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845

illegitimate later homonym See Campylocentrum

TOLUMNIA Raf. 1836

See Oncidium

TOMOTRIS Raf. 1836

See Corymborkis

TRACHELOSIPHON Schltr. 1920

See Eurystyles

TRACHYRHIZUM (Schltr.) Brieger 1981

See Dendrobium

TRAUNSTEINERA Rchb. 1841 Subfamily: Orchidoideae Tribe: Orchideae Subtribe: Orchidinae	(None) There are only two terrestrial species in this genus distributed in meadows of central and northern Europe. Species are closely allied to the genus Orchis and are sometimes listed as member of that genus by some authors.
	SPECIES globosa sphaerica

TRIARISTELLA (Rchb.f.) Brieger ex Luer 1978

See Trisetella

TRIARISTELLINA Rauschert 1983

See Trisetella

TRIAS Lindl. 1829 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Epidendreae Subtribe: Bulbophyllinae	(Trias) There are about a dozen rare epiphytic species in this genus distributed in Burma, India, and Thailand. Species are similar to species in genus Bulbophyllum differing only in flower structure. Species produce a very short basal inflorescence bearing a triangular shaped flower. Photo courtesy of Jay's Key West Orchid
	SPECIES antheae crassifolia disciflora intermedia nana nasuta oblongata ovata picta rolfei stocksii vitrina

TRIBRACHIA Lindl. 1824

See Bulbophyllum

TRICHOCENTRUM Poepp. & Endl. 1838 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Cymbidieae Subtribe: Oncidiinae SYNONYMS Acoidium	(Trctm.) Gr. tricho-,hair; kentron,spur; alluding to the very long, slender spur characteristic of many species in this genus. There are about thirty epiphytic species distributed in the wet forests of tropical America from Mexico to Brazil. Species produce large showy flowers with a long spur attached to the lip. Photo courtesy of Hideto Yamasaki at Brazilan Orchids
	SPECIES aguirrei albo-coccineum ascendens bicallosum brandtiae candidum cornucopiae cymbiglossum flavovirens estrellense hartii jonesianum luridum morenoi neudeckeri nudum ostenianum panduratum pfavii pulchrum stramineum tigrinum viridulum wagneri

TRICHOCEROS Kunth 1815 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Maxillarieae Subtribe: Telipogoninae SYNONYMS Astroglossus Darwiniella	(None) Gr. tricho-,hair; cheilos,lip; alluding to the densely haired lip. Common name: "Fly Orchid" There are about five terrestrial species in this genus distributed from Ecuador to Bolivia. Species produce a lateral raceme bearing flowers which appear like they have a spiny fly sitting on a leaf which attracts male flies to attempt to mate with it.
	SPECIES antennifer bergoldii muralis parviflorus

TRICHOCHILUS Ames 1932

See Dipodium

TRICHOGLOTTIS Blume 1825 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Vandeae Subtribe: Sarcanthinae Alliance: Trichoglottis SYNONYMS Stauropsis Synptera

(Trgl.) Gr.thrix,hair; glotta,tongue; alluding hairy throat of the lip. There are about 65 epiphytic species in this genus distributed in lowland rain forests of India, east Asia, Malaysia, New Guinea, and many Pacific Islands with most species found in the Philippines. There is also one species found in Australia. Species produce small single flowers or racemes bearing many flowers. Flowers are typically fleshy with a three-lobed lip which is usually hairy on the upper surface.

SPECIES amesiana australiensis brachiata crociaria dawsoniana fasciata flexuosa guibertii ionosma javanica koordersii litoralis papuana pusilla retusa rosea sagarikii seidenfadenii solerederi tomentosa tenuicaulis triflora vandiflorum wenzelii

TRICHOPILIA Lindl. 1836 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Cymbidieae Subtribe: Oncidiinae Alliance: Trichophilia SYNONYMS Helcia Leucochyle Oliveriana Pilumna	(Trpla.) Gr. tricho-,hair pilos,felt; alluding to the fine hairs on the top of the column. There are about thirty epiphytic or terrestrial species in this genus distributed in west forests of tropical America from Mexico to Brazil. Species produce a short basal raceme bearing only a few usually white flowers. The flowers' lip wraps around the column forming a distinctive trumpet-shape.
	SPECIES brasiliensis brevis callichroma crispa dasyandra fragrans gracilis hennisiana jamaicensis laxa lehmanni leucoxantha marginata multiflora peruviana powellii suavis tortilis turialbae undulatissima

TRICHOSIA Blume 1825

See Eria

TRICHOSMA Lindl. 1842

See Eria

TRICHOTOSIA Blume 1825 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Epidendreae Subtribe: Eriinae	(None) Gr. trichotos,hairy; alluding to the hairy leaves and sheaths. There are about fifty epiphytic species in this genus distributed in montane rain forests from Southeast Asia and Indonesia to New Guinea and many South Pacific islands. Species produce a lateral inflorescence bearing few to several pretty medium-sized wide opening red to greenish colored flowers.
	SPECIES annulata biflora brachiata calvescens conifera dalatensis elongata flexuosa gjellerupii hallieri integra katherinae lacinulata leptocarpa microphylla molliflora odorifera pendula pilifera quadricolor rhodoleuca spathulata thomsenii tuberosa uniflora velutina vulpina wallaoeana

TRIDACHNE Liebm. ex Lindl. & Paxton 1852-53

See Notylia

TRIDACTYLE Schltr. 1914 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Vandeae Subtribe: Aerangidinae	(None) Gr. tri,three; daktylos,finger; alluding to the finger-like lobes of the lip. There are about 45 monopodial  epiphytic and lithophytic species in this genus distributed in Africa, mostly in the tropical regions. Species produce mainly small greenish, yellowish, ochre, or white flowers with a 3-lobed lip.
	SPECIES bicaudata crassifolia fragrans gentilii inflata laurentii lisowskii muriculata nalaensis oblongifolia pulchella scottellii tridentata unguiculata verrucosa whitfieldii

TRIGONANTHE (Schltr.) Brieger 1975

invalid name See Dryadella

TRIGONIDIUM Lindl. 1837 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Maxillarieae Subtribe: Maxillariinae

(Trgdm.) Gr. diminutive of trigonos, three-cornered There are about twenty epiphytic species in this genera distributed in tropical America from Mexico to Brazil. Species produce single-flowered scapes bearing strange-looking cup-shape (cupulate) flowers with large sepals and a characteristically maroon or iridescent blue thickening at the tip of the petals. Species are allied to Maxillaria and should be cultivated on the same manner. Photo courtesy of Hideto Yamasaki at Brazilan Orchids

SPECIES acuminatum amparoanum callistele egertonianum equitans grande lankesterii loretoense macranthum monophyllum obtusum peruvianum ringens spatulatum subrepens turbinatum

TRIORCHIS Agosti 1765

See Spiranthes

TRIPHORA Nutt. 1818 Subfamily: __ Tribe: __ Subtribe: __	(None) Common name: "Three Birds Orchid" There are about twenty attractive terrestrial species in genus distributed in the eastern United States, southeast Canada, and tropical America. Species were originally placed in genus Pogonia. Photos courtesy of Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison
	SPECIES amazonica carnosula cubensis debilis duckei foldatsii hassleriana heringeri mexicana nitida pusilla ravenii rickettii trianthophora wagneri yucatanensis

TRIPLEURA Lindl. 1832

See Zeuxine

TRIPLORHIZA Ehrh. 1789

See Pseudorchis or Habenaria

TRISETELLA Luer 1980 Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Epidendreae Subtribe: Pleurothallidinae SYNONYMS Triaristella Triaristellina

(None) L. trisetellus, with three little bristles There are about twenty dwarf epiphytic species in this genus distributed in tropical America from Mexico to Brazil. Species produce a raceme bearing relatively large and odd looking successively blooming flowers. The dorsal (top) and lateral (side) sepals each taper to a long narrow tail (caudate) of varying lengths. Carl Luer took the genus Masdevallia section called Triaristellae and elevated it to genus status as Trisetella. There is still some confusion whether this genus is named Trisetella or Triaristella. Dressler lists only genus Trisetella.

SPECIES abbreviata didyma dressleri escobarii gemmata hirtzii huebneri lasiochila pantex regia scobina tenuissima trianistella trichaete triglochin vittata

TRITELANDRA Raf. 1836

See Epidendrum

TROPHIANTHUS Scheidw. 1844

See Aspasia

TROPIDIA Lindl. 1831 Subfamily: __ Tribe: __ Subtribe: __ SYNONYMS Cnemidia Decaisnea Govindooia Muluorchis Ptychochilus Schoenomorphus

(None) Gr. tropideion,keel; alluding to the flower's boat-shaped lip. There are about 20-35 terrestrial occasionally saprophytic species in this genus distributed from China and Japan to Indonesia. There is also one American species, T. polystachya, found in Florida, the West Indies, Mexico, and parts of Central America. Species produce an inflorescence bearing few to many small greenish-white, yellowish to reddish colored flowers. Species are similar in habit to species in genus Corymborkis.

SPECIES angulosa barbeyana curculigoides disticha eatoni formosana govindooi mindorensis nipponica pedunculata polystachya robinsonii saprophytica semilibera thwaitesii viridifusca

TROPILIS Raf. 1836

See Dendrobium

TRUDELIA Garay 1986 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Vandeae Subtribe: Sarcanthinae

(None) Named in honor of Swiss horticulturist Trudel. There are only five monopodial  epiphytic species in this genus distributed from Nepal to Thailand with one species extending into Indonesia. Species produce a few-flowered raceme of late spring blooming waxy-white to greenish yellow flowers with contrasting maroon stripes or markings on the lip. Species were originally placed in genus Vanda and some authors still consider them to belong to that genus even though there are definite differences in the flower structure of these species.

SPECIES alpina chlorosantha cristata griffithii pumila

TRYPHIA Lindl. 1835

See Holothrix

TUBEROLABIUM Yamam. 1924 Subfamily: Vandoideae Tribe: Vandeae Subtribe: Sarcanthinae

(Tblm.) L. tuber,tuber; labium,lip There are now about twenty monopodial  epiphytic species in this genus distributed in tropical lowland rain forests from southeast Asia to Taiwan the Philippines, New Guinea, and some Pacific Islands. Species produce an inflorescence of small long lasting successively blooming flowers. Species are closely related to, or are a part of, genus Trachoma differing only in flower structure, the principally the absence of a column-foot (a basal extension of the column to which the lip is attached). Tuberolabium is considered to be a synonym of genus Trachoma by some authors.

SPECIES brevirhachis calcaratum celebicum coarctatum erosulum guamense kotoense papuanum rumphii quisumbingii speciosum stellatum

TULEXIS Raf. 1836

See Brassavola

TULOTIS Raf. 1833

See Platanthera or Habenaria

TUSSACA Raf. 1814

See Goodyera

TUSSACIA Raf. ex Desv.

illegitimate later homonym See Spiranthes

TYLOCHILUS Nees 1832

See Cyrtopodium

TYLOSTYLIS Blume 1828

See Eria

The Orchid Lady's Illustrated Orchid Encyclopedia
Alphabetical Listing - U -

ULANTHA Hook. 1830

See Chloraea

UROPEDIUM Lindl. 1846

See Phragmipedium

UROSTACHYA (Lindl.) Brieger 1981

See Eria

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